1. Special legal regime for Ukrainians

Registering a Sp. z oo or JDG in Poland solves different problems. A JDG is convenient for a sole proprietor's activities, while a Sp. z oo is suitable for a company with partners, employees, trading activities, and limited liability. It's also important for a Ukrainian owner to understand which set of company incorporation documents will be required when opening a bank account, establishing a subsidiary, or conducting a transaction outside of Poland.

PESEL UKR: It is issued under a simplified procedure and provides official protection status, the right to work without additional permits, and access to free healthcare (NFZ) and education.

Residence Card (Karta Pobytu): Ukrainians with UKR status can apply for a residence permit, either on the basis of employment or sole proprietorship, or under the special simplified CUKR procedure.

Social programs: Access to family benefits, for example the 800+ program for each child subject to enrollment in a Polish school.

Comparison of forms for IT and services

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│ YOUR CHOICE │

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[One specialist / B2B] [Team / Product]

• Low expenses (<10–15%) • Development / Agency

• Income: up to ˆ100k–150k/year • High expenses (salaries, offices)

• Simple withdrawal of funds needed • Several co-founders

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│ JDG (Ryczałt) │ │ Spółka z o.o. │

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Notarization, Apostille and documents for the bank

In Poland, the main competent authority for Apostille for most public documents is the Legalisation Section of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs; other public authorities handle certain categories. Private documents and copies of corporate documents are usually first certified by a Polish notary. A sworn declaration does not replace a notarized copy if a bank or foreign registrar requires a legalized document.

Which type of certification is used

  • Official registry document: suitable when a bank or foreign authority accepts an original or electronic document from the competent registry.
  • Notarized copy: used for corporate documents, powers of attorney, resolutions and copies when conformity with the original or a signature must be certified.
  • Sworn declaration: used only where this form is provided by local law and is required specifically as a declaration; it does not replace a notarized copy or Apostille.
  • Apostille: confirms the signature and authority of the person who issued or certified a public document for use in another country that is a party to the Hague Convention.

For account opening or use of the company abroad, it is better to confirm in advance with the bank, notary or registrar in the destination country exactly which document they accept: original, notarized copy, translation and Apostille. This allows the correct set to be ordered immediately after registration without redoing documents later.

How to prepare a Sp. z o.o. / JDG for work after registration

Need to register a Sp. z o.o. or JDG in Poland and prepare documents for a bank or for use in another country? Specify the form and destination country. This makes it possible to determine which documents are issued by KRS/CEIDG, what must be certified by a notary and whether an Apostille will be required.

Request the cost of registering a Sp. z o.o. / JDG in Poland